The successful launch of the Shenzhou-12 manned spacecraft on June 17 marked a historic milestone for China’s space program. The spacecraft docked smoothly with the Tianhe core module, and astronauts Nie Haisheng, Liu Boming, and Tang Hongbo entered China’s self-built space station for the first time.
This achievement represents a major step forward in human space exploration and has drawn worldwide attention. Among the many messages of congratulations from international space agencies and media outlets, one word stood out: taikonaut.
This unique term refers specifically to Chinese astronauts and reflects China’s growing role in space exploration.
What Is a Taikonaut?
The word taikonaut is a blend of “taikong”, the Chinese pinyin word for “space”, and “astronaut”. It was officially added to the Oxford English Dictionary in 1998 and is defined as “a Chinese astronaut”.
This term distinguishes Chinese space travelers from those of other nations. For example, American and most international space explorers are called “astronauts”, while Russian space travelers are known as “cosmonauts”. Now, with the rise of China’s space program, “taikonaut” has entered the global lexicon.
The European Space Agency recently used the term in its official congratulations:
“Congratulations to the China National Space Administration on the launch of three ‘taikonauts’ on their Shenzhou 12 mission to the Tianhe space station.”
The Making of a Taikonaut
Behind every successful space mission lies years of intense training and preparation. Chinese astronauts undergo a rigorous selection process and must complete more than a hundred types of training across eight major categories.
These include physical conditioning, theoretical study, psychological evaluation, and survival training. One of the most challenging exercises is the hypergravity endurance test, where trainees experience up to 8 times the force of gravity (8G). At this level, the body feels eight times heavier than normal, making it difficult to breathe or even move.
As one trainee described:
“My face was totally out of shape. Snot and tears were all thrown out.”
Other key training activities include:
- Vibration training
- Vestibular function tests
- Underwater simulation
- Landing impact practice
- Emergency rescue drills
This intense preparation ensures that astronauts are ready both physically and mentally for the challenges of space.
Life Aboard the Tianhe Space Station
During their three-month mission, the Shenzhou-12 crew lives and works in the Tianhe core module—the main section of China’s new space station.
Space Dining Chinese-Style
Good food is essential for keeping astronauts healthy and in good spirits. Before the crew launched, the Tianzhou-2 cargo spacecraft delivered nearly 7 tons of supplies to the station, including more than 120 different kinds of food.
The menu features popular Chinese dishes such as kung pao chicken and fish-flavored pork, all prepared in bite-sized portions for easy eating in microgravity. Astronauts can even request their favorite foods—spicy, sweet, or mild—ensuring that everyone is well-fed and satisfied.
Fresh fruits and vegetables are also delivered regularly, making mealtime both nutritious and enjoyable.
Comfortable Living in Space
The Tianhe module is designed for long-term habitation. It includes separate sleeping areas, a exercise equipment, and advanced communication systems that allow astronauts to make video calls to family and mission control on Earth.
These features help maintain both physical health and mental well-being during extended missions.
Global Reactions to China’s Space Station
People around the world have followed China’s space progress with interest and admiration. Many took to social media to express their support:
“Congratulations China! So glad they made it safe and it was a success. Very spacious inside.”
“China you are making grand history... A dragon for so long and still awesome until now.”
“I can’t wait to see the Chinese space station grow. It would be amazing to come to the station and then fly to the Moon.”
International observers have praised not only the technical achievement but also the human story behind the mission.
Frequently Asked Questions
What does taikonaut mean?
Taikonaut is a term used for Chinese astronauts. It combines the Chinese word “taikong” (space) with the Greek-derived word “astronaut”.
How is taikonaut different from astronaut?
While both refer to space travelers, “taikonaut” is used specifically for Chinese space explorers, reflecting China’s independent achievements in human spaceflight.
How long do Chinese astronauts train?
Becoming a taikonaut involves years of preparation, including physical, technical, and psychological training. Candidates must pass more than a hundred types of exercises before qualifying for a mission.
What do astronauts eat on the space station?
Chinese space food includes traditional dishes adapted for space travel, such as kung pao chicken, fish-flavored pork, and fresh fruit. Meals are nutritious, easy to eat, and tailored to individual preferences.
Can astronauts contact their families from space?
Yes, the Tianhe space station is equipped with video call capabilities, allowing crew members to communicate with loved ones and mission control in real-time.
What’s next for China’s space program?
China plans to expand the space station, conduct more research missions, and eventually send crewed missions to the Moon. 👉 Explore more about space missions
Conclusion: A New Chapter in Space Exploration
The term “taikonaut” is more than just a word—it represents dedication, innovation, and the spirit of exploration. Behind each mission are years of effort, cutting-edge science, and incredible bravery.
As China continues to expand its presence in space, the world watches with excitement and respect. The journey is just beginning, and the future holds even greater possibilities.
To the stars—and beyond